Tecnología
SpaceX’s Stellar Year: U.S. Leads Global Rocket Launches in 2023
The United States, spearheaded by SpaceX, dominated rocket launches in the year 2023. Elon Musk’s company, SpaceX, conducted a total of 96 launches throughout the year with its Falcon 9, maintaining an impressive pace of almost two launches per week. This effort focused on the continuous expansion of the Starlink internet satellite constellation.
Thanks to SpaceX’s achievements, the United States once again stood out in the global market of space launchers, with a total of 107 orbital flights in 2023, significantly surpassing other players in this strategic sector.
SpaceX not only limited itself to Falcon 9 launches but also deployed its Falcon Heavy to orbit the military space drone X-37B. Additionally, two tests of the super-heavy Starship launcher, intended for the Artemis missions to the Moon, were conducted, although both ended in explosions. SpaceX’s ambition for the coming year is to achieve an impressive 12 flights per month, totaling 144 flights in the year, as stated by SpaceX’s Vice President, Bill Gerstenmaier, before the U.S. Senate in October.
Despite U.S. dominance, China is rapidly expanding its space activities with 67 launches in 2023. Russia, on the other hand, carried out 19 launches, with 17 of them involving the Soyuz rocket. Rocket Lab, the U.S. and New Zealand-based company, successfully launched its Electron rocket nine times, establishing itself as one of the few operational mini-launchers.
India, through the ISRO space agency, completed seven successful launches in 2023 and kicked off 2024 with the launch of a PSLV rocket placing a scientific satellite into orbit.
In Europe, undergoing a launcher crisis, only three launches occurred in 2023. However, autonomous access to space is expected to be regained with the inaugural flight of Ariane 6 scheduled for mid-June and the Vega-C flight at the end of the year.
Japan, with three launches in 2023, faced challenges with the failure of the new heavy launcher H-3. The Japanese space agency, JAXA, announced a new attempt scheduled for February 15th.
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