International
Patriot missiles, key anti-missile systems for the defense of the Ukrainian sky
The Patriot missiles, whose shipment to Ukraine has been announced in recent hours by the President of the United States, Donald Trump, who specified that his European allies “will pay for it”, are one of the main anti-ballistic defense systems of the United States Army and serve to intercept attacks launched by adversaries by land and air.
The Patriot missile, designed in the late 1970s by Raytheon originally as an anti-aircraft defense weapon, was modified in the late 1980s to counter short-range ballistic missiles.
They were not tested in combat until 1991, during the Gulf War, when they achieved fame by becoming an almost infallible weapon to now intercept and destroy the Scud missiles used by Iraq, of Soviet manufacture and much slower.
His first operation, on February 18, 1991, was the shooting down at about 5,000 meters high of a Scud missile launched from Iraq against the Saudi base in Dahran.
The Patriot system is a 2.25-meter-long missile, powered by a single-stage rocket, which weighs almost a ton and operates at three times the speed of sound (Mach 3) with a range of 70 kilometers.
The Patriot that was used in the Gulf War was carrying a 90-kilogram explosive charge that exploded by a proximity detonator with such force that the explosion and splinters destroyed the missile against which it was fired.
Since then, the system has undergone modifications that have given it greater precision and that have allowed it to increase its effectiveness not only against ballistic missiles but also against the so-called “cruise”, which have their own navigation means and change course during the flight.
Currently, the Patriot ground-to-air guided weapons system can “eliminate aircraft, helicopters and high-speed ballistic and cruise missiles,” which is possible up to “a height of 20 kilometers and a distance of 60 kilometers.”
A Patriot missile costs about 3 million dollars – three times more than a NASAMS missile (Advanced National Ground-to-Air Missile System), another of the systems that Ukraine has been using.
The Patriot system comprises a radar station, a control system and the missile launchers.
In December 2022, the United States Government, under the presidency of Joe Biden, authorized the dispatch of the Patriot missile system to Ukraine.
The supply only included an anti-aircraft battery, which includes a radar that detects and follows the target, computers, generators and a control station, in addition to eight mini-shing with four missiles ready to fire.
The North American shipment was joined by two other Patriot systems from Germany and the Netherlands, which arrived in Ukraine in April 2023.
A month later, Russia claimed to have destroyed a Patriot anti-aircraft battery in Kiev, which, however, was operational again a few days later, according to the Pentagon.
In their first month of activity alone, Patriot systems sent to Ukraine shot down more than 80 targets, including seven Russian Kinzhal supersonic missiles, according to the Ukrainian Air Force.
The first Patriots shipments have been followed by others throughout the war, including those supplied by Spain and Romania to Ukraine.
With the arrival of Donald Trump to the US presidency last January, military aid from the United States was suspended, and although Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky showed his interest in buying ten Patriot systems, Trump disdained the possibility.
However, at the end of June Trump changed his mind and opened up to the possibility of supplying these missiles to Ukraine, and finally last Sunday he announced that he will send them, but that his European allies “will pay for it.”
International
Authorities capture CJNG financial chief in international airport operation
A man identified as the main financial operator of the powerful Jalisco New Generation Cartel (CJNG) was arrested Thursday at Mexico City’s international airport, authorities reported.
The individual, named by Mexican media as Óscar Antonio Álvarez, was apprehended during an operation involving the army, navy, National Guard, police, and the attorney general’s office, according to a joint statement.
Álvarez is considered the primary financial operator of a criminal group originating in Jalisco, and the capture took place at Benito Juárez Airport as he arrived on a flight from Barcelona, Spain.
Authorities stated that Álvarez faces charges of organized crime and money laundering, specifically for receiving and transferring illicit funds. His work with the CJNG reportedly included purchasing properties and managing businesses in the tequila and livestock sectors.
According to El Universal, Álvarez was directly under the command of Rubén Oseguera Cervantes, “El Mencho”, the cartel’s top leader, for whom the U.S. offers a $15 million reward.
The CJNG, which operates throughout Mexico and in various parts of the world, was designated earlier this year as a “foreign terrorist organization” by the U.S. government.
Álvarez was handed over to the federal public prosecutor to determine his legal situation, the report added.
International
Jair Bolsonaro sentenced for leading armed criminal plot after 2022 election loss
Former Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro, 70, has been sentenced for leading an armed criminal organization that attempted to cling to power after losing the 2022 elections to President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva.
The alleged coup plot, which reportedly included a plan to assassinate Lula, was not carried out due to lack of support from the military leadership.
By a four-to-one vote of the judges overseeing the case, seven co-defendants, including former ministers and military chiefs, were also convicted.
“A criminal armed organization was formed by the defendants, who must be sentenced based on the factual circumstances I consider proven,” said the final judge to cast a vote, Cristiano Zanin.
Bolsonaro, who has been under house arrest since August, did not attend the court hearings, citing health issues.
Reacting on X, Senator Flavio Bolsonaro, the former president’s son, said: “They call this a trial a process whose outcome everyone already knew before it began.”
One of the first international reactions came from the White House. Former U.S. President Donald Trump called the sentence “very surprising,” while Senator Marco Rubio, U.S. Secretary of State, stated that the United States will “respond accordingly” to the “unjust” ruling.
International
Poland invokes NATO Article 4 after russian drone incursion
The violation of Polish airspace by Russian drones on Wednesday triggered the most serious clash between Russia and NATO since the start of the war in Ukraine, prompting Poland to invoke Article 4 of the NATO Treaty, which calls for consultations among allies.
Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk addressed Parliament on Wednesday, describing an unprecedented “aggression” in which at least 19 Russian drones breached Polish airspace, creating a situation that the Prime Minister described as “the closest to an open conflict since World War II.”
Speaking at the start of an extraordinary Council of Ministers session, Tusk stated that “this is the first time Russian drones have been shot down over the territory of a NATO member state, and that is why all our allies are taking the situation very seriously.”
Although he affirmed that “there is no reason to claim that we are in a state of war,” he labeled the incidents as “a large-scale provocation” and ordered the invocation of NATO’s Article 4 to call for consultations with allied nations.
Tusk also noted on X (formerly Twitter) that he had received “not only expressions of solidarity with Poland but, above all, concrete proposals to support the country’s air defense” during discussions with European leaders throughout the day.
The Polish leader specifically mentioned conversations with the leaders of the United Kingdom, Italy, Germany, and the Netherlands—Keir Starmer, Giorgia Meloni, Friedrich Merz, and Dick Schoof—along with French President Emmanuel Macron, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, and NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg.
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