International

Latin America defends the Cartagena Process on refugees in cases of xenophobia

Authorities of the region, representatives of civil society and international organizations commemorated this Wednesday in Chile the 40th anniversary of the Cartagena Process, a pioneering model of regional collaboration for the protection of refugees, and claimed its importance in the face of the increase in xenophobic discourses and the suspicion of multilateralism.

“We are in a world where the successes of multilateralism are scarce and the international community seems increasingly unable to prevent and resolve conflicts. A world in which mixed movements of refugees and migrants have reached unimaginable figures,” Filippo Grandi, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), said at the ceremony.

In that scenario, Grandi added, “reaching agreements that positively and significantly change the course of history has become difficult,” so – he said – “it is a pleasure and an honor to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the historic Cartagena Declaration on Refugees.”

40th anniversary of the Cartagena Process

Adopted in 1994, the declaration is a technical, legal, political and strategic instrument of cooperation and shared responsibility between Latin American countries to develop solutions and strengthen the international system of protection for refugees, forcibly displaced and stateless persons.

With this adoption, the so-called Cartagena Process began and the concept of refugee stipulated in the 1951 Refugee Statute was expanded.

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“This process that in an innovative, flexible, pragmatic, gradual, cumulative and multi-stakeholder way has created an institutionality that, recognizing the links with international human rights law, plays a crucial role in the protection of displaced persons,” said the secretary of the ECLAC Commission, Luis Fidel Yanez.

From 2004, the creation of common ten-yer action plans were established.

Roadmap for the next decade

Authorities of the region, such as the foreign ministers of Chile, Brazil or Colombia, representatives of civil society and international organizations will debate for two days at the headquarters of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), in Santiago, the roadmap for the next 10 years to continue protecting refugees and displaced people.

“Only through cooperation and regional integration will we be able to consolidate the protection of human rights and provide effective responses to the challenges we face,” said Chilean Foreign Minister Alberto van Klaveren.

Due to various social conflicts, poverty, climate change or natural disasters, thousands of Latin Americans have been forced to migrate in recent years and have plunged the region into a recent unparalleled migration crisis.

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A recent study by the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) revealed that up to 7 out of 10 migrants or mobile people in the Americas need comprehensive health services due to their situation.

International

Armed forces target illegal mines in Northern Ecuador with bombing raids

Ecuador’s Armed Forces carried out an operation on Monday — including airstrikes — against illegal mining in the town of Buenos Aires, in the country’s north, Defense Minister Gian Carlo Loffredo reported.

The mountainous, gold-rich area has been a hotspot for illegal mining since 2017, located in the Andean province of Imbabura.

In 2019, former president Lenín Moreno deployed around 2,400 soldiers to the region in an attempt to curb the illegal activity. “The operation began with mortar fire, followed by gunfire and bombing runs by Supertucano aircraft,” Loffredo said in a video released by the Defense Ministry.

He added that the operation would continue on Tuesday with patrols across the area to locate possible members of “irregular armed groups that may have crossed from the Colombian border.”

The Armed Forces stated on X that the intervention focused on the “complete elimination of multiple illegal mining tunnels” in the areas known as Mina Nueva and Mina Vieja.

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The operation coincided with the deployment of a military and police convoy into Imbabura, which has been the epicenter of protests against President Daniel Noboa since September 22, following his decision to scrap the diesel subsidy.

International

Caracas shuts embassy in Oslo without explanation following Machado’s Nobel win

Venezuela has announced the closure of its embassy in Norway, just days after opposition leader María Corina Machado was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. The Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs said the Venezuelan diplomatic mission provided no explanation for its decision on Monday.

“It is regrettable,” a ministry spokesperson said. “Despite our differences on several issues, Norway wishes to keep the dialogue with Venezuela open and will continue to work in that direction.” The ministry also emphasized that the Nobel Committee operates entirely independently from the Norwegian government.

In its announcement, the Nobel Committee stated that Machado met the criteria established by Alfred Nobel, “embodying the hope for a different future, where the fundamental rights of Venezuelans are heard.”

International

Sheinbaum: Urgent to restore access to towns cut off by heavy rains

Thousands of military personnel and civilians in Mexico worked tirelessly on Tuesday to clear roads blocked by the torrential rains of recent days, which have left more than 300 communities cut off across central and eastern regions of the country. Authorities also launched mass fumigation efforts in several affected areas to prevent the spread of dengue fever.

The official death toll remains at 64, though dozens of people are still missing. President Claudia Sheinbaumacknowledged that the government does not yet know the full situation in many of the isolated villages, which range in population from 500 to 1,000 inhabitants.

“The reopening of roads is one of the greatest urgencies,” Sheinbaum said. “It’s essential to guarantee air bridges, food supplies, clean water, and a proper census of the isolated communities so we can determine the condition of every person living there.”

Private construction companies are also assisting the effort with heavy machinery and technical support to help reopen highways and reconnect rural areas.