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Peru protesters mourn their dead as clashes continue

Photo: Juan Carlos Cisneros / AFP

January 12 | By AFP |

Demonstrators in Peru blocked roads and held mass funerals on Wednesday for those killed in violent anti-government protests that have gripped the country for weeks, as the United States called for “restraint” on both sides.

The deadly clashes have spread to the tourist city of Cusco, the ancient capital of the Inca Empire, where one protester was killed Wednesday and more than 30 people, including 19 police officers, were wounded.

In total, at least 41 people have died in more than a month of demonstrations demanding the resignation of President Dina Boluarte, who took over after the ouster and arrest of her predecessor Pedro Castillo on December 7.

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The violence has drawn a rebuke from the United Nations, and a delegation from the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) arrived in the country Wednesday to investigate the protests and accusations of political repression.

On Tuesday, Peru’s prosecutor’s office said it was opening a genocide investigation against Boluarte and other top officials as a result of the deaths.

The epicenter of the protests has been in the Aymara region of Puno, on the border with Bolivia, where thousands of residents walked the streets of Juliaca on Wednesday with the coffins of 17 civilians who were killed earlier this week.

Each coffin bore a photograph and was draped in a Peruvian flag. 

“Dina killed me with bullets,” read the white coffin of Edgar Huaranca, carried on the shoulders of six family members.

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Dominga Hancco held a portrait of her young daughter — shot dead during a protest.

“She was walking and only complained that her belly hurt,” she told AFP. “A few minutes passed and she fell, no one noticed how (the bullet) entered.”

The government has imposed a three-day curfew on the Andean region in a bid to calm the tensions, while also declaring a day of mourning on Wednesday for those killed.

In Cusco, demonstrators tried to reach the city’s airport after mobilizing to demand the president’s ouster. 

Police fired tear gas to disperse the crowd, with protesters responding by throwing stones. Some demonstrators held up street signs as shields against projectiles fired by security forces.

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The ombudsman’s office said one protester had been killed, identifying him on Twitter as Remo Candia Guevara, the president of a local community group.

“We demand an immediate investigation to find those responsible for the death and proceed to the respective sanction,” it added.

In Arequipa, Peru’s second city, hundreds also marched against the government, while in Tacna, on the border with Chile, an indefinite strike began, marked by episodes of vandalism.

Rights probe launched

The regional governments of Puno and Cusco are demanding Boluarte step down as a first step to resolving the crisis.

Puno began an indefinite strike a week ago to demand the resignation of Boluarte, immediate presidential and legislative elections and the convening of a Constituent Assembly.

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The IACHR commissioners were received by Boluarte at the Government Palace, the seat of the Peruvian executive. 

“We are going to verify the human rights situation. We regret the loss of human life during the demonstrations,” said head of mission Edgar Stuardo Ralon, whose delegation will remain in Peru until Friday.

They will meet with authorities, victims and their relatives in Lima, Ica and Arequipa.

The United States on Wednesday urged restraint and the minimal use of force, and backed an investigation into the dozens of deaths. 

“We recognize the right for peaceful protest and expressing grievances through democratic channels, and call for calm, dialogue and for all parties to exercise restraint and non-violence,” a State Department spokesperson said. 

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International

Israel compares the protests in Columbia at the UN with a passage from Nazi Germany

Israel’s representative to the UN, Gilad Erdan, compared on Wednesday the pro-Palestinian protests at Columbia University (New York), where 109 detainees took place on Tuesday night, with ‘The Night of Broken Glass’, a series of lynchings and combined attacks against the Jewish population coordinated by Nazi Germany in 1938.

“Those who resorted to Nazism at the time, are today breaking windows, attacking Jewish students and asking to be expelled from the university campus. The images we have seen in Columbia remind us of ‘The Night of the Crystals’,” said the diplomat at the plenary of the General Assembly on Wednesday, where the recent U.S. veto on the entry of Palestine as a full member was discussed.

On April 19, the United States vetoed in the Security Council the resolution that opened the door to the entry of Palestine as a full member of the UN, of which it is now only an observer.

With his words, Erdan referred to the moment when a group of pro-Palestinian students demonstrating on the Columbia campus broke several windows of the emblematic Hamilton Hall building and entrenched themselves inside.

“The anti-Semites did not manage to annihilate us during the Holocaust, neither in 1948, nor in 1967 nor in 1978. Today they are trying again, not only with terrorism and war, but also using the UN,” he stressed, in his already recurring speech against the organization, which he accuses of being favorable to Palestine.

“The elite universities, alleged bastions of liberalism, have become the breeding ground for racism and the most horrible hatred,” he added, also asking that “letters on the matter” be taken against the faculties and the presidents of the centers.

The protests over the war in Gaza that began in Columbia almost two weeks ago have spread like wildfire through other centers in the United States, ending in the arrest of hundreds of students and becoming the most massive and widespread university protests since the Vietnam War in 1968.

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International

The Biden administration will forgive $6.1 billion in debt of art students

The U.S. Government announced on Wednesday that it will forgive more than 6.1 billion dollars in debt of about 317,000 students of the Art Institute, a large network of private schools spread throughout the country that had to close due to several crises.

The announcement of the Department of Education indicated that the benefit will be for students who enrolled in any of the headquarters of the Institute of Art between January 1, 2004 and October 16, 2017, just before the network of design schools lost its accreditation and began their problems to maintain its activity, which ceased in 2023.

“The Department determined that that institute and the owning company Education Management Corporation made false statements to potential students about employment possibilities, salaries and services in that period,” the statement said.

In October 2017, the company sold the remaining headquarters and all the still existing properties of the Art Institute, under a different owner, ceased operations in September 2023.

“For more than a decade, hundreds of thousands of hopeful students took loans to attend the Institute of Art and received little in return,” said the Secretary of Education, Miguel Carmona.

“We have to continue protecting borrowers from predatory institutions, and work for an education system that is affordable for students and taxpayers who pay taxes,” the official added.

Today’s announcement comes when the presidential election is less than 29 weeks away and Joe Biden’s government faces a wave of protests in universities against the support that the United States gives to Israel in its war in Gaza.

In June 2023, in a decision supported by the six conservative magistrates, the Supreme Court of Justice ruled that Biden’s Executive had exceeded his powers with a plan for the cancellation of about $400 billion in student debt.

That plan would have benefited more than 43 million people, according to the Government’s calculations. Since then, Biden has approved measures that have been canceling or reducing the debts of different segments of the indebted population.

Through adjustments in debt relief programs, the Department of Education has eliminated debts for a total of almost 160 billion dollars incurred in the university education of 4.6 million people, according to the official statement.

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International

Blinken praises a truce proposal and Netanyahu gets stuck in his rejection at the end of the war

US Secretary of State Antony Blinken again praised today in Israel the latest proposal for a truce in Gaza that is still being studied by the Palestinian Islamist group Hamas, while Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu insisted on his rejection of a definitive ceasefire in the Strip.

Blinken, who is embarking on his seventh visit to the region since the outbreak of war, on October 7, met today with Netanyahu in Jerusalem and hours earlier with the Israeli president, Isaac Herzog, to whom he reiterated his commitment to achieve a truce agreement “now” that will return the hostages and improve the humanitarian situation in Gaza.

“We are determined to achieve a ceasefire that will take the hostages home, and to achieve it now. And the only reason why that would not be achieved would be because of Hamas. There is a proposal on the table. And as we have said, no delays, no excuses. The time is now,” Blinken said, according to a statement from the Israeli president’s spokesman.

In addition, Herzog reiterated that Israel complies with international law and expressed its rejection of the International Criminal Court (ICC), due to the possibility of it issue arrest warrants for alleged war crimes against three senior Israeli officials, including Netanyahu, according to the newspaper Haaretz on Monday.

“I appeal to all our allies and friends to reject such attempts” from the ICC, asked Herzog, who also assured that the “immediate return of the hostages” should be “the highest priority” of the international community.

Blinken also had words today for the relatives of the hostages, and before a group of Israeli protesters who were asking in front of his hotel in Tel Aviv for a truce agreement to be reached, he insisted that the only thing missing is for Hamas to say yes.

“At the moment there is a very strong proposal on the table, Hamas needs to say yes, it is necessary for him to carry it out,” Blinken said according to a statement from his Office.

“We will not rest, we will not stop until you meet with your loved ones, so please stay strong, keep the faith, we will be with you every day until we achieve it,” Blinken told the demonstrators.

In the meeting with Netanyahu in his office in Jerusalem, the Israeli Prime Minister told Blinken that he will not accept an agreement if it includes the end of the war in Gaza, which has already caused the death of more than 34,500 Palestinians, 72% women and children, according to the Gaza Ministry of Health.

At the meeting, Netanyahu warned that if Hamas does not renounce its demand for a permanent ceasefire, there will be no agreement and Israel will invade the town of Rafah, where 1.4 million people are crowded, said the Israeli media Walla, who cited Israeli and American officials.

One of the demands of the Palestinian group would be that in a second phase of the agreement, Israel would commit to ending its offensive in the Strip, something that, according to the source, Netanyahu is opposed.

The Israeli proposal, which is currently studying Hamas, includes Israel’s intention to discuss during a second phase of the agreement “the return of a sustainable calm” in the Gaza Strip, a formula that, as the media itself points out, does not include an explicit commitment to the end of the war.

After 208 days of war, the Gaza Strip is in a state of devastation, with 80% of its population forcibly displaced, water scarcity and an extreme lack of food, which has pushed about 210,000 people on the verge of famine in the north, in addition to a growing proliferation of diseases.

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